New CED – Personality, Motivation, and Emotion Practice Test

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• According to psychodynamic theory, the level of the psyche that contains thoughts, feelings, and impulses not presently in awareness but that can more or less readily be called into consciousness.
• Defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.
• Name a common defense mechanism.
• Which subtype describes the desire to engage in unusual or risky physical activity?
• More complex feelings like hatred and love travels to the brains cortex where it is analyzed and labeled before responding
• How is personality considered stable across the lifespan?
• A personality dimension describing someone who is sociable, gregarious, and assertive?
• Which personality dimension characterizes someone in terms of curiosity, open-mindedness, and acceptance of novel situations?
• Goal-setting theory proposes that performance improves when goals are
• Which theory proposes that motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic?
• Which set describes universal emotions including anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise?
• A theory of motivation emphasizing the importance of a balance in our levels of stimulation.
• Mindfulness-based emotion regulation is characterized by what kind of attention?
• Which theory posits that positive emotions broaden thought-action repertoires and build resources over time?
• Which theory proposes that external stimuli can serve as motives for behavior?
• Which defense mechanism shifts negative impulses toward a more acceptable target?
• Which statement differentiates antecedent-focused and response-focused emotion regulation?
• Which framework characterizes personality with five broad trait dimensions commonly abbreviated as OCEAN?
• Which term refers to a proposed set of universal emotions including anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise?
• Simple likes, dislikes, and fears travel on neural shortcut that bypasses cortex; fear-provoking stimulus would travel from the eye or ear (via the thalamus) directly to the amygdala
• In motivation theory, which concept refers to the belief that outcomes are controlled by personal effort?
• Which term describes a dislike of repetition, predictability, and monotony in sensation-seeking theory?
• Which theory emphasizes the enduring nature of personal characteristics and consistency of behavior across different situations?
• Which hormone stimulates appetite and is produced in the stomach?
• Which concept describes the tendency to return to a baseline level of happiness after changes?
• Which term refers to the idea that a cognitive evaluation is involved in the generation of some emotions?
• View personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences.
• Level of the mind that is aware of immediate surroundings and perceptions
• Which gland is the master gland of the endocrine system?
• Which description best characterizes openness to experience?
• At the apex of Maslow's hierarchy, which need is most proximal to self-fulfillment?
• The degree to which one's self-concept is perceived as positive is called:
• Which type of conflict occurs when choosing between two undesirable options?
• Which term best describes the idea that behavior, internal cognition, and environment influence each other?
• Which of the following is NOT a Big Five personality trait?
• The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting
• Which concept refers to psychological reasoning for hunger including presence of food, time of day, and social context?
• Which type of conflict involves choosing between a goal with both desirable and undesirable aspects?
• How does self-efficacy influence motivation?
• Which trait represents a need for a variety of inner experiences?
• Which concept refers to stability of scores over time?
• What does the optimum arousal theory propose about motivation?
• Expressive suppression is best described as what?
• What type of motivation is driven by the pleasure of the activity itself?
• Which theory posits that personal traits, social environments, and cognitive processes all influence behavior?
• How do optimistic and pessimistic attributional styles differ?
• Emotion contagion occurs when people do what?
• Convergent validity indicates which of the following?
• What are the core components of emotional intelligence?
• Which protein secreted by fat cells communicates about body fat stores to the brain?
• Which defense mechanism redirects unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities?
• In personality psychology, a relatively stable pattern of behavior across various situations is called a
• What is cognitive reappraisal?
• Discriminant (divergent) validity indicates which of the following?
• Which brain structure is most closely associated with processing fear and threat in emotional responses?
• Which statistical technique is used to identify underlying dimensions by clustering related items?
• Which term describes a generalized state of readiness precipitating or motivating an activity, usually created by deprivation or negative stimuli?
• Which theory posits that motivation is driven by the need to balance stimulation levels?
• Psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.
• What does reliability measure in psychological testing?
• A situation involving a choice between two equally objectionable alternatives.
• Which belief denotes confidence in one’s ability to perform a task, specific to a setting?
• Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in education: which statement best captures the distinction?
• An experience of feeling or emotion is referred to as what term?
• Discriminant validity is evidenced when a measure shows which pattern with dissimilar constructs?
• What is the term for motivation that arises from the expectation of punishment or reward?
• Which assessment is the most widely used projective test that analyzes interpretations of inkblots?
• Which concept is defined as a generalized state of readiness to act arising from deprivation or negative stimuli?
• Self-determination in the workplace emphasizes autonomy, competence, and what?
• Which term is a complex reaction pattern involving experiential, behavioral, and physiological elements in addressing a significant matter or event?
• A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors.
• Which term describes the idea that a cognitive evaluation is involved in some emotional experiences?
• Which conflict arises when both options are equally unpleasant?
• What best describes emotion contagion?
• What term describes a persistent pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as measured by self-report inventories and peer reports?
• In Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor?
• What does construct validity assess?
• Which component of emotional intelligence involves recognizing emotions in oneself and others?
• Which term refers to a broad theoretical approach focusing on unconscious processes and early childhood experiences?
• Which trait reflects a need for varied inner experiences?
• What term describes a complex, innate behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species?
• From a humanistic perspective, what concepts are central to personality development and growth?
• Which hormone is involved in stimulating appetite?
• Which term refers to the belief that human beings are free to make their own choices?
• A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test and underlying dimensions is called what?
• Which term is a socially learned standard that regulates the expression of emotion across cultures?
• In the Big Five, which trait is most closely tied to being cooperative and compassionate?
• An individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
• Which theory states that facial expressions can influence the experience of emotion?
• What term refers to a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior?
• What distinguishes a trait from a state in personality?
• In goal-setting theory, what is the role of feedback?
• Which term denotes a complex emotional response pattern involving experience, behavior, and physiological components?
• Which statement best describes internal locus of control?
• Which theory states that motivation can be driven by intrinsic or extrinsic factors?
• Which term is commonly used as the opposite of neuroticism?
• What does Bandura's concept of reciprocal determinism describe?
• Which Big Five trait is most closely associated with warmth, trust, and cooperativeness?
• Which theory states that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need?
• What is rumination and why is it maladaptive?
• Which defense mechanism channels unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities?
• An individual’s belief about their own ability to perform in a given setting is called:
• What is the main purpose of projective tests in personality assessment?
• Which approach focuses on descriptive data like spoken language and narratives?
• Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable impulses to others?
• Which type of conflict describes a choice between two options that are both appealing?
• In Eysenck's model, what are the two primary superfactors that underlie personality?
• Which Big Five trait is most associated with organization, reliability, and goal-directed behavior?
• Which personality dimension describes someone who is responsible, dependable, persistent, and organized?
• Which defense mechanism refuses to believe painful realities?
• Which dimension describes a person who is imaginative and open to new experiences?
• Which assessment specifically involves inkblot interpretations to reveal inner feelings?
• Which term refers to the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to?
• Which term describes motivation that arises from external consequences such as rewards?
• The extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure is described by which dimension?
• Which is an antecedent-focused emotion regulation strategy?
• An attitude of total acceptance toward another person is called
• What is the general premise of attribution theory in psychology?
• Which term describes awareness of immediate surroundings and perceptions?
• Which theory emphasizes labeling arousal and environment to label emotion?
• The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
• What distinguishes intrinsic motivation from extrinsic motivation in education?
• Which concept is defined as a socially learned standard that regulates the expression of emotion that vary by culture?
• Which assessment uses ambiguous stimuli to elicit projection of inner dynamics?
• Which term refers to the level of the psyche that contains thoughts, feelings, and impulses not presently in awareness but that can readily be called into consciousness?
• A term for the overall set of consistent patterns in thinking, feeling, and behaving that define a person.
• In expectancy-value theory, what are the two core components that determine motivation?
• Satiety is best defined as which of the following?
• Which trio best describes self-determination in the workplace?
• Which defense mechanism involves retreating to an earlier psychosexual stage when faced with anxiety?
• Attentional bias in emotion processing is?
• Which aspect of reliability is demonstrated when two different assessors produce similar scores?
• Psychoanalytic defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions.
• Which part of personality is the largely conscious executive that mediates among the demands of the other two parts and operates on what is realistic?
• A situation involving a choice between two equally desirable but incompatible alternatives is called...
• Which statement best captures locus of control and its relation to motivation?
• Which personality trait includes trust, altruism, kindness, and cooperation?
• Which term describes the state of realizing one's potential and achieving peak functioning?
• A situation involving a single goal or option that has both desirable and undesirable aspects or consequences.
• Which projective test uses stories people create about ambiguous scenes to reveal inner feelings?
• One’s description and evaluation of themselves, including psychological and physical traits, is known as:
• Which need in Maslow's hierarchy is directly linked to self-actualization?
• Cross-cultural display rules refer to:
• Herzberg's theory distinguishes between hygiene factors and motivators. Which statement is accurate?
• Which concept proposes that individuals maintain contact with varying levels of stimulation to achieve a preferred arousal level?
• Emphasizes spoken words, prose descriptions of behavior, and pictorial data such as data collected on projective tests
• Which concept is demonstrated when a new measure correlates strongly with other established measures of the same construct?
• Hedonic adaptation refers to the tendency to
• Expectancy-value theory in academics posits that motivation is based on
• Which type of reliability is demonstrated when two different forms of the same test yield similar results?
• Which theory posits that choices create conflicts such as approach-approach, approach-avoidance, and avoidance-avoidance as the basis of motivation?
• In Lewin's theory, which type of conflict occurs when a single option has both appealing and unappealing aspects?
• A personality test, such as the Rorschach or TAT, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one's inner dynamics.
• Which theory includes subtypes such as experience seeking and thrill seeking as part of its framework?
• Which type of motivation refers to internal drives such as personal interest or enjoyment rather than external rewards?
• Which principle describes how performance changes with arousal, increasing up to a point and then decreasing?
• Which structure in the limbic system regulates hunger and other drive-related behaviors?
• What is the term for the body's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment?
• In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological and safety needs are categorized as what?
• The basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness is called:
• Stimuli or events that trigger an emotional response in an individual
• Which term refers to a person’s overall description and evaluation of themselves, including attributes and skills?
• Which factor is most closely linked to greater persistence in challenging tasks?
• Which term refers to the complete realization of one's potential and full involvement in life?
• Self-Determination Theory posits three basic psychological needs. Name them.
• Which gland is the master gland that regulates hormones related to hunger and satiety along with the hypothalamus?
• In Lewin's motivational conflicts theory, which type of conflict occurs when choosing between two desirable options?
• Which term refers to the psyche's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality?
• Rotter's locus of control describes which of the following?
• Maslow's hierarchy places which category directly after safety needs?
• Which theory proposes five major dimensions of personality, commonly labeled extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality dimensions?
• Which theory posits that physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously?
• A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories is known as the
• Which theory posits that motivation is based on the need for varied or novel experiences and includes subtypes such as experience seeking and boredom susceptibility?
• Which perspective aims to understand personality by considering what it is like to be that person and what gives life meaning from the person's subjective perspective?
• We determine our emotion based on our physiological arousal, then label that emotion according to our explanation for that arousal
• The theory in which the physiological reaction and the emotion are assumed to occur at the same time
• Which Big Five trait is most linked to emotional instability and susceptibility to negative affect?